Sea Surface Height Measurement and Remote Sensing Using Android Smartphone
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摘要:开展了Android智能手机的海面高度测量研究，并通过与测绘接收机测量结果和同比验潮站数据对比初步评估其性能。为了降低测量设备非探测区域反射的卫星导航信号对海面高度测量的影响，提出了经验模态分解提纯海面反射信号干涉振荡特征的方法，并利用仿真和试验数据验证了其有效性. 利用小米6智能手机和华测北斗N72测绘接收机采集的18天GNSS数据，开展了海面高度测量研究和评估. 结果表明：海面高度测量结果和验潮站同比数据在风速小于15 m/s时具有良好的一致性，智能手机和测绘接收机测量的海面高度的同比均方根误差均为0.31 m；智能手机用于测量海面高度的卫星信号的高度角下、上限高于30°的占比分别为30.8%和45.3%，以至于高高度角的信噪比时序可被用于测量海面高度；在18天的试验时间内，共计采集1120个海面高度测量值，平均62个/天，相比于CORS站，在相同的观测周期内具有更多的测量样本。最后对智能手机的遥感应用进行了讨论，以期推进遥感的大众化进程.
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关键词:
- 安卓智能手机/
- 测绘接收机/
- GNSS-I/MR技术/
- 经验模态分解/
- 海面高度
Abstract:In this paper, the sea surface height measurement was explored based on Android smartphone, assessing its performance initially through comparing the measured sea surface height from Android and geodetic receiver to the data in situ. In order to weaken the influence of the signals from the non-observation areas on the measurement of sea surface height, an empirical mode decomposition (EMD) was proposed to extract the oscillation feature from the signal reflected off sea surface. And simulation and experiment were carried out to demonstrate its significance. The GNSS data collected by Xiaomi 6 smartphone and Huace BeiDou N72 geodetic receiver in 18 days were conducted to measure sea surface height and assess the performance. The experimental results show that, when wind speed is below 15 m/s, the measured sea surface heights from smartphone and geodetic receiver are agreement with in-situ ones from tide gauge, both with the root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.31 m. There are 30.8% and 45.3% lower and upper bound of the elevation angle of the GNSS signals to be over 30°, so that Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) with higher elevation angle can be used to measure sea surface height. During the experiment within 18 days, 1120 in total and 62 measurements each day are obtained, therefore, in the same measurement period, compared to CORS station, more measurements can be obtained. In addition, the remote sensing was also discussed based on smartphone to promote the practicality of generally public remote sensing. -
图 2右旋圆极化、垂直极化和水平极化信号信噪比随高度角正弦的变化
Figure 2.Right-handed circular polarization, vertical and horizontal SNR versus sine of elevation angle
图 5智能手机测量海面高度验证试验场景
Figure 5.Experiment scenario of sea surface height measurement using smartphone
图 9测量和同比海面高度的时序及相应时刻的海面风速
Figure 9.Time series of measured and in-situ sea surface height, and corresponding sea surface wind speed
图 11测量样本在不同高度角的统计结果
Figure 11.Statistical results of measured samples at different elevation angles
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