Study on Response Characteristics of Firing Mechanism of Active Small Caliber Projectile Fuze Hitting Target at Large Incident Angle
-
摘要:针对现役小口径炮弹引信大着角碰靶发火率偏低、未爆弹存在隐患的可靠性与安全性问题,开展现役小口径炮弹引信大着角碰靶发火机构响应特性研究. 建立了大着角碰靶发火机构的动力学模型,得到了发火机构作用的简易判据,基于有限元数值模拟方法,模拟了不同着速、着角、滚转角度及靶板厚度多工况下大着角碰靶发火机构的动态响应过程,数值模型有效性通过实弹试验对比验证. 分析结果表明,着发球珠随机滚转角度为大着角碰靶时影响发火机构功能可靠的重要因素之一;随滚转角度增大,发火击针感受到轴向合力的幅值越小、时间越滞后,不利于大着角碰靶发火机构可靠作用;同时研究发现随着角、靶板厚度的增加,出现了导套“卡住”发火击针的故障模式.Abstract:Aiming at the reliability and safety problems of low firing rate and hidden dangers of UXO at large incident angle of active small caliber projectile fuze, the response characteristics of firing mechanism of small caliber projectile impact fuze were studied. In this paper, the dynamic model of the firing mechanism with large incident angle was established, and the simple criterion of the action of the firing mechanism was obtained. Based on the numerical simulation method, the dynamic response process of the firing mechanism with large incident angle under multiple working conditions, including different impact speeds, incident angles, rolling angles and target plate thicknesses, was simulated. The effectiveness of the numerical model was verified by shooting tests. The analysis results show that the random rolling angle of the hitting ball is one of the important factors affecting the functional reliability of the firing mechanism when hitting the target at a large incident angle; the smaller the amplitude of the counter impact force, the slower the response time of the axial resultant force, which is unfavorable to the reliable function of the firing mechanism. Meanwhile, it is found that with the increase of the incident angle of the fuze and the thickness of the target plate, the failure mode of “jamming” of the guide sleeve and the firing pin appears.
-
表 1仿真模型组成以及材料关键参数
Table 1.Composition of simulation model and key material parameters
模型组成 材料 本构模型 关键参数 弹性模量/GPa 密度/(kg·m−3) 泊松比 引信体 圆钢 Simplified-JC 206.84 7833.4 0.29 引信帽 钢带 Simplified-JC 206.84 7833.4 0.29 着发球珠 钨 RIGID 344.74 19293.0 0.28 发火击针 铝合金7A06 Simplified-JC 71.705 2795.7 0.33 导套 圆钢 Simplified-JC 206.84 7833.4 0.29 导柱 不锈钢 Simplified-JC 206.84 7833.4 0.29 靶板 铝合金2A12 JC 文献[12] 表 2计算工况
Table 2.Numerical calculation conditions
编号 Ψ/(°) θ/(°) h/mm 1 75 0 2 2 75 20 2 3 75 40 2 4 75 60 2 5 80 0 2 6 80 20 2 7 80 40 2 8 80 60 2 9 85 0 2 10 85 20 2 11 85 40 2 12 85 60 2 13 75 0 1 14 75 0 3 注:每种工况均包含3种着靶速度,分别为920 、730 、555 m/s 表 3故障发生工况统计
Table 3.Fault conditions statistics
故障工况编号 Ψ/(°) v/(m·s−1) θ/(°) h/mm 1 85 555 0 2 2 85 730 0 2 3 85 730 20 2 4 85 920 0 2 5 85 920 20 2 6 85 920 40 2 7 85 920 60 2 8 75 555 0 3 9 75 730 0 3 10 75 920 0 3 表 4发火机构作用统计
Table 4.Action of firing mechanism statistics
编号 555 m/s 730 m/s 920 m/s 是否
作用作用时间
/μs是否
作用作用时间
/μs是否
作用作用时间
/μs1 √ 24 √ 22 √ 21 2 √ 33 √ 27 × − 3 √ 35 × − × − 4 √ 36 × − × − 5 √ 25 √ 20 √ 17 6 √ 33 √ 25 √ 20 7 √ 36 √ 30 √ 27 8 √ 36 √ 31 √ 31 9 √ 19 √ 16 √ 14 10 √ 22 √ 18 √ 16 11 √ 28 √ 26 √ 25 12 √ 32 √ 29 √ 27 13 √ 34 √ 26 √ 22 14 √ 25 √ 22 √ 20 注:√为作用;×为未作用;−为不存在作用时间 -
[1] ANDERSEN D A. Medium caliber ammunition scalable airburst fuze[C]//Proceedings of NDIA 56th Annual Fuze Conference. Kansas City, MO, USA: NDIA, 2012. [2] 马宝华. 引信构造与作用[M]. 北京: 国防工业出版社, 1984: 22 − 25.MA Baohua. Fuze structure and function [M]. Beijing: National Defense Industry Press, 1984: 22 − 25. (in Chinese) [3] 杨宏亮. 某口径炮弹弹头机械引信动态特性研究[D]. 南京: 南京理工大学, 2016.YANG Hongliang. Study on dynamic characteristics of mechanical fuze of warhead of a caliber projectile [D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2016. (in Chinese) [4] 黄博. 某型小口径炮弹机械触发引信优化设计研究[D]. 重庆: 重庆大学, 2018.HUANG Bo. Optimization design of a small caliber projectile mechanical trigger fuze [D]. Chongqing: Chongqing University, 2018. (in Chinese) [5] 孙毅, 娄文忠, 冯恒振, 等. 基于小口径弹的硅基MEMS安全系统设计[J]. bob手机在线登陆学报, 2021, 41(5): 501 − 506.SUN Yi, LOU Wenzhong, FENG Hengzhen, et al. Silicon based MEMS safety & arming device design for small-caliber ammunition[J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2021, 41(5): 501 − 506. (in Chinese) [6] WANG D, LOU W, FENG Y, et al. Design of high-reliability micro safety and arming devices for a small caliber projectile[J]. Micromachines, 2017, 8(8): 234.doi:10.3390/mi8080234 [7] 王明辉. 小口径引信钢球式离心自毁机构性能分析[D]. 南京: 南京理工大学, 2008.WANG Minghui. Performance analysis of steel ball centrifugal self destruction mechanism for small caliber fuze [D]. Nanjing: Nanjing University of Science and Technology, 2008. (in Chinese) [8] 娄文忠, 赵悦岑, 冯恒振, 等. 基于贝叶斯网络的MEMS安全系统可靠性分析[J]. bob手机在线登陆学报, 2021, 41(9): 952 − 960.LOU Wenzhong, ZHAO Yuecen, FENG Hengzhen, et al. Reliability analysis on MEMS S&A device based on bayesian network[J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology, 2021, 41(9): 952 − 960. (in Chinese) [9] 段建, 王可慧, 周刚, 等. 弹体侵彻混凝土的临界跳弹[J]. 爆炸与冲击, 2016, 36(6): 797 − 802.doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2016)06-0797-06DUAN Jian, WANG Kehui, ZHOU Gang, et al. Critical ricochet performance of penetrator impacting concrete targets[J]. Explosion and Shock Waves, 2016, 36(6): 797 − 802. (in Chinese)doi:10.11883/1001-1455(2016)06-0797-06 [10] 高世桥,石庚辰,谭惠民, 等. 弹引系统以极大着角碰击半无限目标时的动力分析[J]. bob手机在线登陆学报, 1994(4): 359 − 365.GAO Shiqiao, SHI Gengchen, TAN Huimin, et al. Dynamic impact analysis of a projectile/fuze system impacting against a half-infinite target with a small angle of fall[J]. Transactions of Beijing Institute of Technology, 1994(4): 359 − 365. (in Chinese) [11] 高世桥, 曲克波. 弹-引系統以极大着角碰击薄靶板的动力学研究[J]. 兵工学报, 1994, 15(3): 85 − 89.GAO Shiqiao, QU Kebo. Oblique impact of a projectile against a thin target plate with high-speed but small angle of fall[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 1994, 15(3): 85 − 89. (in Chinese) [12] 张伟, 魏刚, 肖新科. 2A12铝合金本构关系和失效模型[J]. 兵工学报, 2013, 34(3): 276 − 282.ZHANG Wei, WEI Gang, XIAO Xinke. Constitutive relation and fracture criterion of 2A12 Aluminum alloy[J]. Acta Armamentarii, 2013, 34(3): 276 − 282. (in Chinese)