现役小口径炮弹引信大着角碰靶发火机构响应特性研究

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doi:10.15918/j.tbit1001-0645.2022.047

娄文忠^{1, 2,},
何博^{1, 2},
秦进³,
杨庭琪^{1, 4},
冯恒振^{1, 2},
吕斯宁¹,
苏文亭¹,
张明荣³

1.
bob手机在线登陆机电学院，北京　100081
2.
bob手机在线登陆重庆创新中心，重庆　401120
3.
重庆长安望江工业(集团)有限责任公司，重庆　401120
4.
中北大学机电学院，山西，太原　030051

基金项目:国家部委基础科研计划项目(JCKY2019602B004)；中国博士后科学基金资助项目（2021M700419）

详细信息

作者简介:
娄文忠（1969-），男，教授，博士生导师. E-mail：louwz@bit.edu.cn

中图分类号:TJ430
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- 被引次数:0
出版历程
- 收稿日期:2022-03-03
- 录用日期:2022-06-06

Study on Response Characteristics of Firing Mechanism of Active Small Caliber Projectile Fuze Hitting Target at Large Incident Angle

LOU Wenzhong^{1, 2,},
HE Bo^{1, 2},
QIN Jin³,
YANG Tingqi^{1, 4},
FENG Hengzhen^{1, 2},
LÜ Sining¹,
SU Wenting¹,
ZHANG Mingrong³

1.
School of Mechatronical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
2.
Chongqing Innovation Center, Beijing Institute of Technology, Chongqing 401120, China
3.
Chongqing Changan Wangjiang Industrial Group Co., LTD., Chongqing 401120, China
4.
School of Mechatronical Engineering, North University of China, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030051, China

摘要

摘要:针对现役小口径炮弹引信大着角碰靶发火率偏低、未爆弹存在隐患的可靠性与安全性问题，开展现役小口径炮弹引信大着角碰靶发火机构响应特性研究. 建立了大着角碰靶发火机构的动力学模型，得到了发火机构作用的简易判据，基于有限元数值模拟方法，模拟了不同着速、着角、滚转角度及靶板厚度多工况下大着角碰靶发火机构的动态响应过程，数值模型有效性通过实弹试验对比验证. 分析结果表明，着发球珠随机滚转角度为大着角碰靶时影响发火机构功能可靠的重要因素之一；随滚转角度增大，发火击针感受到轴向合力的幅值越小、时间越滞后，不利于大着角碰靶发火机构可靠作用；同时研究发现随着角、靶板厚度的增加，出现了导套“卡住”发火击针的故障模式.
- 小口径炮弹引信/
- 大着角/
- 发火机构/
- 响应特性/
- 动力学模型/
- 数值模拟
Abstract:Aiming at the reliability and safety problems of low firing rate and hidden dangers of UXO at large incident angle of active small caliber projectile fuze, the response characteristics of firing mechanism of small caliber projectile impact fuze were studied. In this paper, the dynamic model of the firing mechanism with large incident angle was established, and the simple criterion of the action of the firing mechanism was obtained. Based on the numerical simulation method, the dynamic response process of the firing mechanism with large incident angle under multiple working conditions, including different impact speeds, incident angles, rolling angles and target plate thicknesses, was simulated. The effectiveness of the numerical model was verified by shooting tests. The analysis results show that the random rolling angle of the hitting ball is one of the important factors affecting the functional reliability of the firing mechanism when hitting the target at a large incident angle; the smaller the amplitude of the counter impact force, the slower the response time of the axial resultant force, which is unfavorable to the reliable function of the firing mechanism. Meanwhile, it is found that with the increase of the incident angle of the fuze and the thickness of the target plate, the failure mode of “jamming” of the guide sleeve and the firing pin appears.
- small caliber projectile fuze/
- large incident angle/
- firing mechanism/
- response characteristics/
- dynamic model/
- numerical simulation

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图 1小口径炮弹引信发火机构

Figure 1.Firing mechanism of small caliber projectile fuze

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图 2大着角碰靶发火机构受力模型

Figure 2.Force model of firing mechanism with large incident angle

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图 3小口径炮弹引信发火机构精细化模型

Figure 3.Fine model of firing mechanism of small caliber projectile fuze

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图 4实弹试验与数值模拟弹孔形貌

Figure 4.Target morphology of shooting test and numerical simulation

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图 5数值模型变化参数

Figure 5.Variation parameters of numerical model

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图 6不同工况下引信碰击2 mm靶板发火击针所受轴向合力

Figure 6.Axial force on firing pin of fuze hitting 2 mm target under different working conditions

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图 7碰击不同厚度靶板发火击针所受轴向合力

Figure 7.Axial force on firing pin when hitting target plate with different thickness

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图 8导套卡住发火击针

Figure 8.The guide sleeve is stuck with the firing pin

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图 9发火击针的弹轴方向冲击过载与卡点的等效应变

Figure 9.Impact overload of firing pin and equivalent strain of clamping point

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表 1仿真模型组成以及材料关键参数

Table 1.Composition of simulation model and key material parameters

模型组成	材料	本构模型	关键参数
模型组成	材料	本构模型	弹性模量/GPa	密度/(kg·m⁻³)	泊松比
引信体	圆钢	Simplified-JC	206.84	7833.4	0.29
引信帽	钢带	Simplified-JC	206.84	7833.4	0.29
着发球珠	钨	RIGID	344.74	19293.0	0.28
发火击针	铝合金7A06	Simplified-JC	71.705	2795.7	0.33
导套	圆钢	Simplified-JC	206.84	7833.4	0.29
导柱	不锈钢	Simplified-JC	206.84	7833.4	0.29
靶板	铝合金2A12	JC	文献[12]

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表 2计算工况

Table 2.Numerical calculation conditions

编号	Ψ/(°)	θ/(°)	h/mm
1	75	0	2
2	75	20	2
3	75	40	2
4	75	60	2
5	80	0	2
6	80	20	2
7	80	40	2
8	80	60	2
9	85	0	2
10	85	20	2
11	85	40	2
12	85	60	2
13	75	0	1
14	75	0	3
注：每种工况均包含3种着靶速度，分别为920 、730 、555 m/s

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表 3故障发生工况统计

Table 3.Fault conditions statistics

故障工况编号	Ψ/(°)	v/(m·s⁻¹)	θ/(°)	h/mm
1	85	555	0	2
2	85	730	0	2
3	85	730	20	2
4	85	920	0	2
5	85	920	20	2
6	85	920	40	2
7	85	920	60	2
8	75	555	0	3
9	75	730	0	3
10	75	920	0	3

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表 4发火机构作用统计

Table 4.Action of firing mechanism statistics

编号	555 m/s		730 m/s		920 m/s
编号	是否作用	作用时间 /μs	是否作用	作用时间 /μs	是否作用	作用时间 /μs
1	√	24	√	22	√	21
2	√	33	√	27	×	−
3	√	35	×	−	×	−
4	√	36	×	−	×	−
5	√	25	√	20	√	17
6	√	33	√	25	√	20
7	√	36	√	30	√	27
8	√	36	√	31	√	31
9	√	19	√	16	√	14
10	√	22	√	18	√	16
11	√	28	√	26	√	25
12	√	32	√	29	√	27
13	√	34	√	26	√	22
14	√	25	√	22	√	20
注：√为作用；×为未作用；−为不存在作用时间

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参考文献 (12)

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