Welcome to Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology

2015 Vol. 24, No. 1

Engineering Mechanics
Birkhoff symmetry and Lagrange symmetry
MEI Feng-xiang, WU Hui-bin
2015, 24(1): 1-3. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0101
Abstract:
The purpose of this paper is to study the symmetry of first order Lagrangians and the corresponding conserved quantity. The relation between the Lagrangians and the Birkhoff's functions and the Birkhoff symmetry of Birkhoffian systems are used to obtain the symmetry of first order Lagrangians and the corresponding conserved quantity. Two examples are given to illustrate the application of the result.
Numerical simulation of the delay arming process of initiating explosive brakes
WANG Ru, WANG Ya-bin
2015, 24(1): 4-7. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0102
Abstract:
The delay arming process of initiating explosive (IE) brakes for fuse is complex and hard to be verified. A numerical simulation model of IE brakes was established based on the arbitrary Lagrange-Euler method. The model included the structure, the air filed, etc. The simulation boundary conditions were defined, including the contacts, blasting parameters of the explosive and the fluid-solid coupling interface. The simulation results show that the shear pin of the chosen IE can be cut off. When the piston needs to move 0.8 cm, the time set to the delay arming of the IE brakes model is about 40 μs. The maximum displacement of the piston is 1.17 cm. The model provides basis for parameters design and further improvement of IE brakes.
Optimized design of biconical liner by orthogonal method
QU Zhong-wei, YAN Shi-long, SHEN Zhao-wu, MA Hong-hao
2015, 24(1): 8-17. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0103
Abstract:
A biconical liner was optimized to improve its penetration ability. Its formation and penetration mechanism was studied through numerical simulation and experiments. And the influence of different liner geometry sizes on the jet performance was analyzed using the orthogonal method. The liner formed the high-speed jet with an explosively formed projectile. The small angle 2αremarkably influenced the jet speed which was inversely proportional to 2α. And the liner thicknesst' and large angle 2βhad highly significant effect on the projectile speed. The liner was optimized att'=0.14 cm, 2α=50°, 2β=135°,N=0.4 or 0.5, when its jet speed respectively is at 6.613 m/s and 6.839 m/s and projectile speed is at 2.247 m/s and 2.095 m/s, steel target penetration is at 8.24 cm and 8.31 cm, and aperture is in 2.12 cm and 2.08 cm. The results show that target is penetrated by the high-speed jet and high-speed projectile resulting into double damages. The penetration ability is improved greatly.
Wideband acoustic source localization using multiple spherical arrays:anangular-spectrum smoothing approach
WANG Fang-zhou, PAN Xi
2015, 24(1): 18-25. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0104
Abstract:
A novel algorithm using multiple spherical arrays based on spherical harmonic analysis is proposed to localize wideband acoustic sources. In the novel spherical harmonic algorithm, the received microphone signals are firstly used to do the spherical Fourier transformation. Then, the multiple signal classification (MUSIC) algorithm is applied to the spherical components to obtain the angular-spectrum. Finally, the angular-spectrum smoothing technique is proposed to obtain the accurate localization of wideband sources. In contrast to the traditional single spherical array, the multiple spherical arrays used in this paper consist of several randomly distributed spheres in a given plane. The microphones are uniformly placed on each sphere, the same as the usual single spherical array. Simulation comparison of wideband sources localization between a single spherical array and multiple spherical arrays based on the novel algorithm is carried out to validate our proposed method.
Mechanical Engineering
Influence of eddy current on transient characteristics of common rail injector solenoid valve
LI Pi-mao, ZHANG You-tong
2015, 24(1): 26-34. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0105
Abstract:
Influence of eddy current on transient characteristics of common rail injector solenoid valve was studied in this paper. Experimental investigations of drive current and power source voltage of both drive current ascending and descending process were conducted on a common rail injector solenoid valve. A new discretizing calculation method of solenoid valve flux linkage was put forward for the first time based on the experimental results and drive circuit principle, and flux linkage of both drive current ascending and descending process were evaluated. New inductance calculation methods for drive current ascending and descending process respectively were also presented. Influence of parasitic inductance was evaluated. Results indicate that the air gap, under which the transient flux linkage of the solenoid valve is the biggest, varies with drive current due to eddy current. Flux linkage of drive current descending process is bigger than that of drive current ascending process under the same drive current and the same air gap width. Eddy current can reduce the delay between the time that drive current begins to descend and the time that armature begins to move downward. Inductance of drive current descending process is bigger than that of drive current ascending process over larger scope of drive current, but the difference becomes smaller with the increasing of air gap width. The differences of both flux linkage and inductance between drive current ascending and descending process are caused by the eddy current in core and armature materials.
Designing the cooling system of a hybrid electric vehicle with multi-heat source
WANG Rui, WANG Yi-chun, FENG Chao-qing
2015, 24(1): 35-41. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0106
Abstract:
In order to reduce the power consumption and meet the cooling demand of every heat source component, three kinds of multi-heat source cooling system schemes were designed base on the characteristic of power split hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). Using the numerical simulation method, the power system heat transfer model was built. By comparing the performance of three different schemes through the Simulink simulation, the best cooling system scheme was found. Base on characteristics of these cooling system structures, the reasonableness of the simulation results were analyzed and verified. The results showed that the cooling system designation based on the numerical simulation could describe the cooling system performance accurately. This method could simplify the design process, improve design efficiency and provide a new way for designing a multi-heat source vehicle cooling system.
Novel miniature pneumatic pressure regulator for hopping robots
SAMO Saifullah, MA Shu-yuan, SAMEH Bdran
2015, 24(1): 42-48. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0107
Abstract:
A novel miniature pressure regulator is fabricated and studied. The regulator can easily be integrated into portable mechatronics or miniature robotic applications because of its lightweight and compact size. An especial poppet is designed to minimize its size and to withstand high-pressure. The pressure regulator is designed for a hopping robot which is powered by a combustion system. The hopping robot has great moving capacities such as jumping over big obstacles, walls and ditches. The regulator helps the hopping robot to decrease size and weight, and to sustain high pressure of oxygen and fuel tank. It will maintain constant output pressure to obtain suitable proportion of oxygen and fuel in the combustion cylinder. Dynamic simulation of the miniature pneumatic pressure regulator is performed. Experiments on prototype of miniature pneumatic pressure regulator are also carried out to validate the performance and satisfied performance is obtained.
Genetic-algorithm-based balanced distribution of functional characteristics for machines
WANG Guo-xin, DU Jing-jun, YAN Yan
2015, 24(1): 49-57. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0108
Abstract:
In order to make reconfigurable manufacturing system (RMS) adapt to the fluctuations of production demand with the minimum number of reconfigurations in its full life cycle, we presented a method to design RMS based on the balanced distribution of functional characteristics for machines. With this method, functional characteristics were classified based on machining functions of cutting-tools and machining accuracy of machines. Then the optimization objective was set as the total shortest mobile distance that all the workpieces are moved from one machine to another, and an improved genetic algorithm (GA) was proposed to optimize the configuration. The elitist strategy was used to enhance the global optimization ability of GA, and excellent gene pool was designed to maintain the diversity of population. Software Matlab was used to realize the algorithm, and a case study of simulation was used to evaluate the method.
Matching analysis of combined charging of an opposed-piston two-stroke engine
DONG Xue-fei, ZHAO Chang-lu, ZHANG Fu-jun, ZHAO Zhen-feng, WU Tao-tao
2015, 24(1): 58-64. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0109
Abstract:
To experimentally match performance and structural features of an opposed-piston two-stroke engine (OPTSE), two calculation models, a one-dimensional (1-D) model and a three-dimensional (3-D) model, of the combined charging matching simulation of an OPTSE was established by using the GT-Power software. To test and verify the one dimensional model, the three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics simulation model was established using AVL FIRE software. Cylinder pressure curves in these two models match perfectly, showing that it is reasonable to use the one-dimensional model to simulate the work process of an OPTSE. Moreover, the effects of delivery ratio, nozzle ring diameter and exhaust back pressure on brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) were studied.
Investigation of the optimum differential gear ratio for real driving cycles by experiment design and genetic algorithm
AHMED Aboud, ZHAO Chang-lu, ZHANG Fu-jun
2015, 24(1): 65-73. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0110
Abstract:
Experiment statistical method and genetic algorithms based optimization method are used to obtain the optimum differential gear ratio for heavy truck that provides best fuel consumption when changing the working condition that affects its torque and speed range. The aim of the study is to obtain the optimum differential gear ratio with fast and accurate optimization calculation without affecting drivability characteristics of the vehicle according to certain driving cycles that represent the new working conditions of the truck. The study is carried on a mining dump truck YT3621 with 9 forward shift manual transmission. Two loading conditions, no load and 40 t, and four on road real driving cycles have been discussed. The truck powertrain is modeled using GT-drive, and DOE -post processing tool of the GT-suite is used for DOE analysis and genetic algorithm optimization.
Informatics and Electronic Engineering
Novel method for operating characteristics test of a hydraulic pump
WANG Xiang-zhou, LU Ye, ZHENG Shu-hua
2015, 24(1): 74-82. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0111
Abstract:
The traditional testing method of a hydraulic pump requires a large amount of test data from a variety of pump working conditions. The test is usually time-consuming and energy-consuming. And the accurate characteristic curves of the pump were hardly obtained due to a limited amount and discreteness of the test data. In order to simplify the test procedure and improve the test accuracy, a novel method for measuring hydraulic pump operating characteristic based on multi-element nonlinear regression (NLMR) modeling is proposed in this paper. The main idea of this modeling method is establishing a mathematical model to predict the performance parameters of the hydraulic pump, only a small amount of test data is needed. Consequently, the pump operating characteristics in any working conditions are obtained. And the test results of the pump are easily characterized in the graphs, charts, tables and so on. The evaluations of the model are carried out and discussed in this paper. The result shows that the test error of the novel method can be controlled to be about 0.1%. Compared with the traditional test method, the proposed method reduces greatly the test time and the random error of the test data, and improves the efficiency and accuracy of the pump test.
Adaptive key SURF feature extraction and application in unmanned vehicle dynamic object recognition
DU Ming-fang, WANG Jun-zheng, LI Jing, LI Nan, LI Duo-yang
2015, 24(1): 83-90. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0112
Abstract:
A new method based on adaptive Hessian matrix threshold of finding key SRUF (speeded up robust features) features is proposed and is applied to an unmanned vehicle for its dynamic object recognition and guided navigation. First, the object recognition algorithm based on SURF feature matching for unmanned vehicle guided navigation is introduced. Then, the standard local invariant feature extraction algorithm SRUF is analyzed, the Hessian Metrix is especially discussed, and a method of adaptive Hessian threshold is proposed which is based on correct matching point pairs threshold feedback under a close loop frame. At last, different dynamic object recognition experiments under different weather light conditions are discussed. The experimental result shows that the key SURF feature abstract algorithm and the dynamic object recognition method can be used for unmanned vehicle systems.
Novel method to calibrate kinematic parameters for mobile robots
SHI Jia-dong, LIU Juan, WANG Jian-zhong
2015, 24(1): 91-96. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0113
Abstract:
In order to reduce the system errors of dead reckoning and improve the localization accuracy, a new model for systematic error of mobile robot was defined and a UMBmark-based method for calibrating and compensating systematic error was presented. Three dominant reasons causing systematic errors were considered:imprecise average wheel diameter, uncertainty about the effective wheelbase and unequal wheel's diameter. The new model for systematic errors is considering the coupling effect of the three factors during the localization of mobile robot. Three coefficients to calibrate average wheel diameter, effective wheelbase, left and right wheels' diameter were obtained. Then these three coefficients were used to make improvements on robot kinematic equations. The experiments on the dual-wheel drive mobile robot DaNI show that the presented method has achieveda significant improvement in the location accuracy compared with the UMBmark calibration.
Magnetic field of mathematical modeling and simulation of 3D magnetic pole array spherical actuator
MENG Hong-jun, WANG Zhan-lin, JIAO Zhong-xia
2015, 24(1): 97-104. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0114
Abstract:
In this paper a new spherical actuator is designed and its advantages are compared to an existing spherical actuator, which function is limited by several design bottlenecks. First the output torque is too small. Second, the attitude is difficult to be accurately detected. The new three-dimensional magnetic pole array can solve these major problems. The new actuator features an outer rotor with multiple permanent magnet (PM) poles. Using an analytical solution and the finite element solution simulation, the feasibility of the approach is verified. A prototype was developed, tested, and experiments were conducted to obtain the practical value of the magnetic flux density.
Three-dimensional bistatic interferometric ISAR imaging
ZHAO Li-zhi, MARTORELLA Marco, FU Xiong-jun, GAO Mei-guo
2015, 24(1): 105-109. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0115
Abstract:
An approach based on interferometry technique is proposed for three-dimensional (3D) bistatic inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging. It is converted to a monostatic problem by using the theory that a bistatic radar equals a monostatic radar located on the bisector of bistatic angle. Then, interferometric phases extracted from a pair of cross shaped antennas are used to estimate the height and associated rotational velocity. Finally, numerical simulations are provided to evaluate this method.
Construction method of Chinese sentential semantic structure
LUO Sen-lin, HAN Lei, PAN Li-min, WEI Chao
2015, 24(1): 110-117. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0116
Abstract:
A new method is proposed for constructing the Chinese sentential semantic structure in this paper. The method adopts the features including predicates, relations between predicates and basic arguments, relations between words, and case types to train the models of CRF++ and dependency parser. On the basis of the data set in Beijing Forest Studio-Chinese Tagged Corpus (BFS-CTC), the proposed method obtains precision value of 73.63% in open test. This result shows that the formalized computer processing can construct the sentential semantic structure absolutely. The features of predicates, topic and comment extracted with the method can be applied in Chinese information processing directly for promoting the development of Chinese semantic analysis. The method makes the analysis of sentential semantic analysis based on large scale of data possible. It is a tool for expanding the corpus and has certain theoretical research and practical application value.
Tracking algorithm of BPSK signal in low bit SNR and high dynamic scenarios
WANG Peng, CHEN Guo-ying
2015, 24(1): 118-127. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0117
Abstract:
A new tracking algorithm is proposed aiming at the tracking problem in low bit signal-to-noise ratio (i.e., Eb/N0) scenarios, in which the bit clock regenerated by bit synchronization loop decides loop update moment. The double frequency processing and non-coherent accumulation technologies are applied to eliminate the impact of data polarity inversion, and then long time accumulation improves the input signal-to-noise ratio of discriminator. The frequency locked loop and phase locked loop constitute a carrier loop in parallel, which can meet the high dynamic demands. The effectiveness of this algorithm has been corroborated by theoretical analysis, simulation and measurements, and the new tracking algorithm has been used in an aerospace engineering project successfully.
New scheme of dynamic traitor tracing against the immediate rebroadcast attack
SU Jia-jun, WANG Xin-mei
2015, 24(1): 128-132. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0118
Abstract:
Traitor tracing schemes are introduced to combat the piracy scenarios. The notation of dynamic traitor tracing is proposed by Fiat and Tassa, which fights against rebroadcast of decrypted content. In this paper, using the idea of searching user address level by level, a new dynamic traitor tracing scheme based on a multilevel structure of user set is constructed. The scheme proposed can efficiently combat with the immediate rebroadcast attack, and possesses lower tracing complexity. Importantly, the tracing scheme can be applicable to systems with different sizes of subscriber sets.
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
Preparation of polyimide/LDH nanocomposites and characterization of their properties
GUO Bing-zhi, ZHAO Yun, LI Han-sheng, QIU Wei-zhen, JIAO Qing-ze
2015, 24(1): 133-138. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0119
Abstract:
Pre-exfoliated organic layered double hydroxides(LDHs) modified with N-Lauroyl-glutamate (LDH-LG) was prepared in the O/W type microemulsion. Then exfoliated polyimide(PI)/LDH nanocomposites were prepared by in situ polymerization. The high resolution transmission electron microscope showed that the nanoscale organic LDH particles were homogeneously dispersed in the polymer matrix. The X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the addition of LDH-LG improved the crystallinity of PI. Mechanical testing showed that the mechanical properties of the PI/LDH nanocomposite films were significantly enhanced by nano-LDH sheets and 0.5%(wt) of LDH-LG led to improvement of the tensile strength by 32.5%.
Effect of juglone on immunity response and oxidative stress in mice
LI Yan, DONG Ji-rui, MA Xiao-ke, FENG Hui-hong, CHEN Xiao, ZHAO Jian-pu, GUO Nan, LIU Pin-duo
2015, 24(1): 139-142. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0120
Abstract:
To research juglone's immunology regulation, several perspectives including immunology regulation, lymphocyte proliferation, and cytokines were presented.The index of thymus and spleen, total supperoxide dismutase activity (T-SOD), serum malondialdehyde (MDA), content of nitrogen oxide (NO), the anti-superoxide anion ability, the suppressing hydroxy radical ability, contents of reduced glutathione (GSH) in thymus, total antioxidationability (T-AOC) and the level of mouse lysozyme (LZM) in plasma were measured. LPS-induced B thymocytes proliferation was measured by MTT assay.In the low-immunity model group, MDA and NO levels were decreased (p<0.001). Juglone improved lysozyme (LZM), GSH contents in thymus, T-AOC, T-SOD activity, the anti-superoxide anion ability (anti- O2-) (p<0.001).In the stimulation immunity model group, MDA and NO levels (p<0.05), anti- O2- and T-SOD activity (p<0.05) were up-regulated, whereas LZM, T-AOC contents were down-regulated.juglone has a significant effect, which promotes cell regeneration and function recovery, also may alleviate oxidative damage; juglone possesses a dual regulating effect on humoral immunity in mice.
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