Welcome to Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology

2017 Vol. 26, No. 1

Engineering Mechanics
Energy-Based Current Control for Stabilizing a Flexible Electrodynamic Tether System
Hao Wen, Bensong Yu, Dongping Jin
2017, 26(1): 1-4. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0101
Abstract:
An energy-based controller of electric current is synthesized for the libration stabilization of an electrodynamic tether system, which consists of a relatively large main-satellite and a sub-satellite of much smaller size. Two dynamic models with different levels of accuracy are considered in this work. First, a dumbbell model of the system is used for the controller design, which aims at damping injection on the libration motions via the real-time regulation of the electric current. Furthermore, the efficacy and performance of the proposed scheme are numerically verified by using a more complex multi-body model which accounts for not only the tether flexibility but also the attitude of the main-satellite.
Simple Method for Tethered Space Debris Retrieval
Bensong Yu, Dongping Jin
2017, 26(1): 5-8. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0102
Abstract:
Space debris retrieval problem utilizing a tethered system in an elliptical orbit is studied in this paper. An analytical control law specified by a tether length rate for retrieval is derived from a dumbbell model of the system. The proposed control method can suppress large swings around the local vertical position of the tethered system. Under such a control strategy, the debris retrieval behaves in asymptotic stable motion towards the expected angle. The stability of the non-autonomous system during the retrieval control is analyzed using the Floquet theory. The result demonstrates that an orbital region exists, on which the retrieval process maintains asymptotically stable. The proposed analytical control law is validated via numerical simulations.
Overdriven Detonation and Its Application in Shaped Charges
Tariq Hussain, Yan Liu, Fenglei Huang
2017, 26(1): 9-15. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0103
Abstract:
Overdriven detonation (ODD) in high explosives can be generated by Mach reflection of conical detonation waves propagating quasi-steadily in a co-axial double layer cylindrical charge. The inner core of the charge consists of lower detonation velocity explosive with higher detonation velocity explosive for the outer core. The calculated pressures and detonation velocities in the ODD regime are compared with available results in the literature. The application of this technique to design a double layer shaped charge (DLSC) is numerically studied. It was discovered that the use of lower density-lower detonation velocity explosive in the inner core of DLSC can also yield similar results to those obtained with high density lower detonation velocity explosive. By analyzing previous experimental results and comparing with present simulations, it is demonstrated that ordinary shaped charges have some advantages over DLSC under certain conditions.
Modified Observation Model in Tightly-Coupled INS/GPS Integration
Guochao Fan, Dan Song, Chengdong Xu
2017, 26(1): 16-28. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0104
Abstract:
The conventional Kalman filter (CKF) is widely used in tightly-coupled INS/GPS integrated navigation systems. The linearization accuracy of the CKF observation model is one of the decisive factors of the estimation accuracy and therefore navigation accuracy. Additionally, the conventional observation model (COM) used by the filter may be divergent, which would result into some terrible accuracies of INS/GPS integration navigation in some cases. To improve the navigation accuracy, the linearization accuracy of the COM still needs further improvement. To deal with this issue, the observation model is modified with the linearization of the range and range rate equations in this paper. Compared with COM, the modified observation model (MOM) further considers the difference between the real user position and the position calculated by SINS. To verify the advantages of this model, INS/GPS integrated navigation simulation experiments are conducted with the usage of COM and MOM respectively. According to the simulation results, the positions (velocities) calculated using COM are divergent over time while the others using MOM are convergent, which demonstrates the higher linearization accuracy of MOM.
Thermal Behavior Study of Carbonate Inorganic Materials
Zhiyue Han, Yuezhen Yang, Zhiming Du, Qian Yao, Chunying Wang
2017, 26(1): 29-37. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0105
Abstract:
The thermal decomposition processes of (MgCO3)4·Mg(OH)2·5H2O (MCH), 5ZnO·2CO3·4H2O (ZCH), NiCO3·2Ni(OH)2·4H2O (NCH), PbCO3(LC) and [Cr(OH)5]2·CO3·8H2O (CC) were studied via TG-DSC. The results of research imply that MCH has the largest capacity of heat absorption and ZCH is second to MCH among the studied materials. The non-isothermal kinetic parameters of MCH and ZCH were calculated by Kissinger and Ozawa methods. Furthermore, thermal decomposition mechanisms of MCH and ZCH were investigated by Coats-Redfern method. Due to the large specific heat capacity, MCH and ZCH are promising to be used as a coolant in extinguishant formulations.
Investigations on Structured Polyamide for Laser Sintered Body Armor
Jinhui Jiang, Xinming Qian, Mengqi Yuan, Tingchao Ji
2017, 26(1): 38-44. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0106
Abstract:
Stab resistance body armor (SRBA) is essential in protecting people from knife injuries. The protective parts of traditional SRBA are made of multi-layered ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), which causes heavy heat stress for people wearing it. The protective parts of SRBA manufactured using laser sintering (LS) 3D printing technology provide high manufacturing flexibility and low weight. Two different structures, plain plate and pyramid-structured plate, were investigated. The pyramid structure showed much higher stab resistance property then the plain plate, because of the angle and thickness effects. This is the first effort applying the LS technology and polyamide (PA) material (PA 3200) on SRBA. By applying the pyramid structure on the protective layer of the SRBA, the total weight could reduce 30%-40%.
Mechanical Engineering
Track Tension Analysis of Four-Wheel Drive Tracked Vehicles
Zhifu Wang, Bin Liu, Li Zhai
2017, 26(1): 45-49. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0107
Abstract:
The distribution of track tension on track link is complex when the tracked vehicles run at a high speed. A multi-drive track link structure, which changes the traditional induction wheel into the driving wheel was proposed. The mathematical model of the system was established and the distribution of track tension was studied. The combined simulation model of RecurDyn and Simulink of the structure with multi-drive track was established. The simulation results show that our proposed structure has more uniform tension distribution than traditional structures, especially under the high speed condition. The maximum tension can be reduced by 28 kN-36 kN and the transmission efficiency can be improved by 10%-16% under high speed condition with this new structure.
Parameter Identification Based on Force-Displacement Curves for a Bolted Joint Finite Element Model
Delin Sun, Ridong Liao, Dexing Qian, Zhengkun Cheng
2017, 26(1): 50-57. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0108
Abstract:
In order to identify the uncertain parameters of a bolted joint finite element model, a simple and applicable way of parameter identification is introduced. By utilizing numerical simulation with the Abaqus software and experimental investigation with the MTS material testing system, the tangential force-displacement curves that reflect the characteristics of the bolted joint were acquired. On the basis of this, by employing the response surface methodology (RSM) and genetic algorithms (GAs), parameters in the FEM model were identified. The force-displacement curves by both virtual and experimental approaches are well correlated at the end. This phenomenon-based parameter identification method may help facilitate precise prediction of complex jointed connection structures.
Combined Control Allocation and Sliding Mode Control in the Dynamic Control of a Vehicle with Eight In-Wheel Motors
Rui Zhang, Chengning Zhang
2017, 26(1): 58-66. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0109
Abstract:
An eight wheel independently driving steering (8WIDBS) electric vehicle is studied in this paper. The vehicle is equipped with eight in-wheel motors and a steer-by-wire system. A hierarchically coordinated vehicle dynamic control (HCVDC) system, including a high-level vehicle motion controller, a control allocation, an inverse tire model and a lower-level slip/slip angle controller, is proposed for the over-actuated vehicle system. The high-level sliding mode vehicle motion controller is designed to produce desired total forces and yaw moment, distributed to longitudinal and lateral forces of each tire by an advanced control allocation method. And the slip controller is designed to use a sliding mode control method to follow the desired slip ratios by manipulating the corresponding in-wheel motor torques. Evaluation of the overall system is accomplished by sine maneuver simulation. Simulation results confirm that the proposed control system can coordinate among the redundant and constrained actuators to achieve the vehicle dynamic control task and improve the vehicle stability.
Effect of Tire Repeated Root Modal on Tire Modelling with Experimental Modal
Zhenfeng Wang, Yongchang Du, Mingming Dong, Liang Gu
2017, 26(1): 67-74. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0110
Abstract:
The effect of tire repeated root modal (RRM) on tire modeling with an experimental modal is studied. Firstly, a radial tire with radial and tangential RRMs is tested and analyzed. By multi-point exciting of the radial tire, a multiple reference frequency domain method based on a least squares (LMS PolyMAX) algorithm is used to identify modal parameters. Then, modal stability diagram (MSD), modal indication function (MIF) and modal assurance criteria (Auto-MAC) matrix are utilized to induce multiple inputs multiple outputs (MIMO) frequency response function (FRF) matrixes. The tests reveal that notable repeated roots exist in both radial and tangential response modes. Their modal frequencies and damping factors are approximately the same, the amplitudes of modal vectors are in the same order of magnitude, and the mode shapes are orthogonal. Based on the works mentioned, the method of trigonometric series modal shapes fitting is adopted, the effects of RRM model on tire modeling with a vertical experimental modal are discussed. The final results show that the effects of considering the RRM shapes are equivalent to the tire mode shapes depended on rotating the tire's different exciting points during tire modeling, and since considering the RRM, the tire mode shapes can be unified and fixed during tire modeling.
Informatics and Electronic Engineering
Key Pose Frame Extraction Method of Human Motion Based on 3D Framework and X-Means
Sirui Zhao, Yadong Wu, Wenchao Yang, Xiaowei Li
2017, 26(1): 75-83. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0111
Abstract:
The key pose frames of a human motion pose sequence, play an important role in the compression, retrieval and semantic analysis of continuous human motion. The current available clustering methods in literatures are difficult to determine the number of key pose frames automatically, and may destroy the postures' temporal relationships while extracting key frames. To deal with this problem, this paper proposes a new key pose frames extraction method on the basis of 3D space distances of joint points and the improved X-means clustering algorithm. According to the proposed extraction method, the final key pose frame sequence could be obtained by describing the posture of human body with space distance of particular joint points and then the time-constraint X-mean algorithm is applied to cluster and filtrate the posture sequence. The experimental results show that the proposed method can automatically determine the number of key frames and save the temporal characteristics of motion frames according to the motion pose sequence.
Analysis of Large Slotted-Waveguide Antenna Arrays Using the Parallel DDA-FE-BI-MLFMA
Xumin Sun, Minglin Yang, Hongwei Gao, Xinqing Sheng
2017, 26(1): 84-89. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0112
Abstract:
An efficient analyzing approach is presented for large slotted-waveguide antenna arrays by using hybrid finite element-boundary integral-multilevel fast multipole algorithm (FE-BI-MLFMA) in this paper. A simple computation model for slotted-waveguide antenna is presented by using thin current probe excitation and perfectly matched layer (PML) absorber. Since each slotted-waveguide antenna can be considered as a single sub-domain, the domain decomposition algorithm (DDA) can be applied to FE-BI-MLFMA to greatly reduce the computation resources and achieve high efficiency. This DDA-FE-BI-MLMFA is parallelized to further strength its capability. The comparisons of the computed radiation patterns with measured data and results from the commercial software show that our method has good accuracy for slotted-waveguide array. Then the influence of mutual coupling between adjacent slotted-waveguides is studied. To demonstrate capability of the presented method, a carefully designed large X-band slotted-waveguide antenna array containing eighteen waveguides with Taylor amplitude and inverse phase excitation distribution are analyzed in the paper.
Efficient Computation of Scattering from Targets with Negative Impedance Surface
Jingwei Hao, Hongwei Gao, Xinqing Sheng
2017, 26(1): 90-94. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0113
Abstract:
Current surface integral equations used for computing scattering from targets with negative impedance boundary condition (IBC) are not efficient. A modified surface dual integral equation (M-SDIE) for targets with negative IBC is presented. A pure imaginary number is used to balance the formulations. It is proved that the M-SDIE is accurate and efficient with three numerical examples. The first numerical example shows that the M-SDIE is accurate compared with Mie. The second example shows that the presented SIE is efficient. In the third example, a missile head is selected to present the computing power of the M-SDIE. All the examples show that the M-SDIE is an efficient algorithm for negative IBC.
Impact of EBG Structures' Positions on the Performance of an EBG Antenna
Zijian Han, Wei Song, Xinqing Sheng
2017, 26(1): 95-99. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0114
Abstract:
Six circularly polarized patch antennas with electromagnetic band gap (EBG) arranged at different locations were studied. These EBG antennas were compared in terms of impedance bandwidth, axial ratio (AR) bandwidth and radiation patterns. When the EBG cells were placed closer to the edge of the substrate, the EBG antenna had a larger front radiation and a narrower bandwidth. Integrating the EBG cells closer to the center of the patch resulted in a wider impedance bandwidth, a wider axial ratio bandwidth and a decreased front gain.
Data-Aided Frequency Offset Estimation with Narrowband Interference
Jie Yang, Jiahua Cao, Hang Tu, Jing Luo
2017, 26(1): 100-105. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0115
Abstract:
An algorithm for carrier frequency offset estimation with narrowband interference in burst-mode transmissions is proposed. The algorithm is data-aided and has a feedforward structure that can be easily implemented digitally. The principle of the algorithm is based on a properly designed training sequence and an interpolation technique. Simulation results indicate that the estimation range is about ±20% of the symbol rate. The performance is satisfactory for a signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as low as -13 dB and the mean square error (MSE) is approximately irrelevant to signal-to-interference ratio (SIR) values over -20 dB.
High-Precision Wideband Phase-Derived Velocity Measurement for Micro-Motion Extraction
Yuan Jiang, Huayu Fan, Quanhua Liu, Xinliang Chen
2017, 26(1): 106-114. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0116
Abstract:
A phase-derived velocity measurement method is proposed in a wideband coherent system, based on a precise echo model considering the inner pulse Doppler effect caused by fast moving targets. The Cramer-Rao low band of velocity measurement precision is deduced, demonstrating the high precision of the proposed method. Simulations and out-field experiments further validate the effectiveness of the proposed method in high-precision measurement and micro-motion extraction for targets with weak reflection intensity. Compared with the long-time integration approaches for velocity measurement, the phase-derived method is easy to implement and meets the requirement for high data rate, which makes it suitable for micro-motion feature extraction in wideband systems.
Simulation and Analysis of the Impacts of Anisotropic Ionospheric Scintallition on Geosynchronous Synthetic Aperture Radar
Yinhui Xu, Xichao Dong, Cheng Hu, Yuanhao Li
2017, 26(1): 115-120. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0117
Abstract:
The impacts of ionospheric scintillation on geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar (GEO SAR) focusing is studied based on the multiple phase screen (MPS) theory. The power spectrum density of electron irregularities is first modified according to the ionospheric anisotropy. Then propagation wave equations in random medium are deduced in the case of oblique incidence in GEO SAR. The amplitude and phase errors induced by the random electron fluctuations are generated by the iterated MPS simulations and are superimposed into the GEO SAR signals. Through the following imaging and evaluation, the effects of the anisotropic ionospheric scintallition on GEO SAR are assessed. At last, the optimized integration time under different ionospheric scintillation conditions are recommended through Monte Carlo experiments. It is concluded that, greater ionospheric fluctuations and longer integration time will result in more severe deterioration, even no focus at all in the worst case.
Smoothness Prior Approach for Spectral Smoothing and Baseline Correction
Lu Li, He Chen, Siying Chen, Yinchao Zhang, Long Gao
2017, 26(1): 121-128. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0118
Abstract:
Smoothness prior approach for spectral smoothing is investigated using Fourier frequency filter analysis. We show that the regularization parameter in penalized least squares could continuously control the bandwidth of low-pass filter. Besides, due to its property of interpolating the missing values automatically and smoothly, a spectral baseline correction algorithm based on the approach is proposed. This algorithm generally comprises spectral peak detection and baseline estimation. First, the spectral peak regions are detected and identified according to the second derivatives. Then, generalized smoothness prior approach combining identification information could estimate the baseline in peak regions. Results with both the simulated and real spectra show accurate baseline-corrected signals with this method.
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
Development and Validation of a HPLC Method for Determination of Flavone Glycoside-Camellianin B inCephalotaxus Sinensis
Yongqian Zhang, Zhihui Xu, Chao Wei, Yan Chen, Yulin Deng
2017, 26(1): 129-134. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0119
Abstract:
A simple, rapid and sensitive method for the quantification of camellianin B inCephalotaxus sinensis(C. sinensis) a natural plant with anti-hyperglycemic effect, was developed and validated by reversed phase liquid chromatography. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a C18column and an isocratic elution was carried out at a flow-rate of 1.0 mL·min-1with the acetonitrile-water containing 0.1% formic acid (19:81, v/v). The detection wavelength was set at 330 nm. The calibration curve was linear over the concentration range of 0.25-50 μg·mL-1with correlation coefficients larger than 0.999 5. The limit of detection and limit of quantification were 0.09 μg·mL-1and 0.25 μg·mL-1, respectively. The precisions and accuracy for all samples were acceptable. The validated method has been successfully applied for the quantification of camellianin B inC. sinensisharvested in different months and may also be used as the quality evaluation of this herb medicine.
Dynamic Fracture of Ti-5553 Alloy in Taylor Impact Test
Denghui Zhao, Qian Wang, Lin Wang, Maosheng Zhi
2017, 26(1): 135-135. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201726.0100
Abstract:
The dynamic fracture behavior of a new near-beta Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr-1Fe (Ti-5553) alloy under a high strain rate loading was investigated systemically using the Taylor impact test,over the impact velocity ranging from 156 ms-1to 256 ms-1.An optical microscope (OM) and a scanning e-lectron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the microstructure evolution.The experimental results have demonstrated that the velocity from deformation to fracture is 256 ms-1for the alloy with anα+βduplex microstructure including more primaryαphase,while the velocity is 234 ms-1for the alloy with a duplex microstructure including less primaryαphase.From the impact fracture mor-phologies,smooth and smeared surfaces and ductile dimple areas can be observed.The failure mode of the titanium alloy with both microstructures is adiabatic shear banding.According to the fracture analysis,the ductile fracture area with the dimple area in the alloy with much more primaryαphase were more than that with less primaryαphase.Compared to the duplex microstructure with less pri-maryαphase,Ti-5553 alloy with more primaryαphase exhibited a better capability to resist an adia-batic shear damage.
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