Welcome to Journal of Beijing Institute of Technology

2015 Vol. 24, No. 3

Engineering Mechanics
High-rise building fire pre-warning model based on the support vector regression
ZHANG Li-ning, ZHANG Qi, AN Jing
2015, 24(3): 285-290. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0301
Abstract:
Aiming at reducing the deficiency of the traditional fire pre-warning algorithms and the intelligent fire pre-warning algorithms such as artificial neural network, and then to improve the accuracy of fire pre-warning for high-rise buildings, a composite fire pre-warning controller is designed according to the characteristic (nonlinear, less historical data, many influence factors), also a high-rise building fire pre-warning model is set up based on the support vector regression(SVR).Then the wood fire standard history data is applied to make empirical analysis. The research results can provide a reliable decision support framework for high-rise building fire pre-warning.
Extended trajectory shaping guidance law considering a first-order autopilot lag
WANG Hui, WANG Jiang, CHENG Zhen-xuan
2015, 24(3): 291-297. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0302
Abstract:
To satisfy the terminal position and impact angel constraints, an optimal guidance problem was discussed for homing missiles. For a stationary or a slowly moving target on the ground, an extended trajectory shaping guidance law considering a first-order autopilot lag (ETSGL-CFAL) was proposed. To derive the ETSGL-CFAL, a time-to-go-nth power weighted objection function was adopted and three different derivation methods were demonstrated while the Schwartz inequality method was mainly demonstrated. The performance of the ETSGL-CFAL and the ETSGL guidance laws was compared through simulation. Simulation results show that although a first-order autopilot is introduced into the ETSGL-CFAL guidance system, the position miss distance and terminal impact angle error induced by the impact angle is zero for different guidance time.
Recurrent formula of Bernoulli numbers and the relationships among the coefficients of beam, Bernoulli numbers and Euler numbers
LAO Da-zhong, ZHAO Shan-shan, LAO Tian-fu
2015, 24(3): 298-304. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0303
Abstract:
Based on the differential equation of the deflection curve for the beam, the equation of the deflection curve for the simple beam is obtained by integral. The equation of the deflection curve for the simple beam carrying the linear load is generalized, and then it is expanded into the corresponding Fourier series. With the obtained summation results of the infinite series, it is found that they are related to Bernoulli numbers andπ. The recurrent formula of Bernoulli numbers is presented. The relationships among the coefficients of the beam, Bernoulli numbers and Euler numbers are found, and the relative mathematical formulas are presented.
Dynamic modeling and simulation for the flexible spacecraft with dynamic stiffening
LI Cui-chun, MENG Xiu-yun, LIU Zao-zhen
2015, 24(3): 305-312. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0304
Abstract:
A rigid flexible coupling physical model which can represent a flexible spacecraft is investigated in this paper. By applying the mechanics theory in a non-inertial coordinate system, the rigid flexible coupling dynamic model with dynamic stiffening is established via the subsystem modeling framework. It is clearly elucidated for the first time that, dynamic stiffening is produced by the coupling effect of the centrifugal inertial load distributed on the beam and the transverse vibration deformation of the beam. The modeling approach in this paper successfully avoids problems which are caused by other popular modeling methods nowadays: the derivation process is too complex by using only one dynamic principle; a clearly theoretical explanation for dynamic stiffening can't be provided. First, the continuous dynamic models of the flexible beam and the central rigid body are established via structural dynamics and angular momentum theory respectively. Then, based on the conclusions of orthogonalization about the normal constrained modes, the finite dimensional dynamic model suitable for controller design is obtained. The numerical simulation validations show that: dynamic stiffening is successfully incorporated into the dynamic characteristics of the first-order model established in this paper, which can indicate the dynamic responses of the rigid flexible coupling system with large overall motion accurately, and has a clear modeling mechanism, concise expressions and a good convergence.
Experimental study on the time-dependent dynamic mechanical behaviour of C60 concrete under
LI Hong-chao, LIU Dian-shu, ZHAO Lei, Greg YOU, LIANG Shu-feng, WANG Yu-tao
2015, 24(3): 313-320. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0305
Abstract:
To study the dynamic mechanical behavior of C60 concrete at high temperatures, impact tests under different steady-state temperature fields (100, 200, 300, 400 and 500.℃) were conducted under a variety of durations at the corresponding constant high temperature, namely 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120.min, employing split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) system. In addition, the impact tests were also conducted on the specimens cooled from the high temperature to the room temperature and the specimen under room temperature. From the analysis, it is found that C60 concrete has a time-dependent behavior under high-temperature environment. Under 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500.℃ steady-state temperature fields respectively, as the duration at the corresponding constant high temperature increases, the dynamic compressive strength and the elastic modulus decrease but the peak strain generally ascends. After cooling to the room temperature, the dynamic compressive strength and the elastic modulus descend as well, but the peak strain increases first and then decreases slightly, when the duration increases. For specimens under and cooled from the high-temperature, as the temperature increases, the dynamic compressive strength and the peak strain raise first and then reduce gradually,and the dynamic compressive strength of specimen under high temperature is higher than that of the specimen cooled from the same high temperature.
Mechanical Engineering
Experimental study on compression stroke characteristics of free-piston engine generator
ZUO Zheng-xing, XU Da-tao, FENG Hui-hua
2015, 24(3): 321-327. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0306
Abstract:
The compression stroke characteristics of free-piston engine generator were studied. The numerical model of the compression stroke was established based on thermodynamics and dynamics equation, and the leak loss, heat loss and friction loss were considered. Through solving numerical equations, the in-cylinder pressure of compression stroke under different compression ratios was calculated, energy transfer and conversion process was analyzed, and the calculated results were experimentally verified. The results showed that the actual effective output of electronic energy and the compression energy stored in the compressed gas accounted for about 70%. The compression energy gradually increased with the increasing compression ratio. When the compression ratio was more than 7.5, the actual compression energy increased slowly and the energy error between simulation and test decreased.
Numerical simulation and optimization of the cylinder head water jacket based on the two-phase flow boiling heat transfer
CHENG Ying, WANG Jia-wu
2015, 24(3): 328-334. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0307
Abstract:
Boiling heat transfer and the controllability of the thermal load of the cylinder head were studied. The thermodynamic phase change characteristics of the cylinder head coolant were considered and the mass, momentum and energy transfers between two phases were calculated with the interface transfer sub-models by using the computational fluid dynamics software CFX. Results showed that compared with the single-phase flow without considering the boiling heat transfer, the sub-cooled boiling heat transfer of the cylinder head was greatly increased. According to the results of the numerical simulation, an optimized structure of the water jacket was proposed. Finally, temperature and velocity of coolant, diameter of flow passage and mean bubble diameter that influences sub-cooled boiling were studied using the orthogonal experiment method.
Multi-action-based approach for constructing knowledge map
YAN Yan, HAO Jia, WANG Guo-xin, GONG Lin, ZHAO Bo
2015, 24(3): 335-340. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0308
Abstract:
To alleviate the information overload in the product design process, this work proposes a multi-action-based method for constructing knowledge map. Since the relationships of knowledge are implicit in the collected user activities, the method calculates the similarity according to the collected user activities. Three concepts, including knowledge, action and user, are explained first. Based on this, the similarity calculation method is illustrated in detail. The dependencies of actions and relations of the user are considered in the calculation method. Further, the approach of applying the constructed knowledge map to alleviate information overload is proposed. At last, the proposed method is validated by a knowledge search and result comparison experiment.
Slow driving control of tracked vehicles with automated mechanical transmission based on fuzzy logic
JIN Hui, WANG Jun-liang, MIAO Cheng-sheng
2015, 24(3): 341-347. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0309
Abstract:
In order to move tracked vehicles at an extremely slow speed with automated mechanical transmission (AMT), slow driving function was added in the original system. The principle and requirement of slow driving function were analyzed. Based on analysis of slow driving characteristic, identification of slow driving condition and fuzzy control algorithm, a control strategy of the clutch was designed. In order to realize slow driving, the clutch was controlled in a slipping mode as manual driving. The vehicle speed was increased to a required speed and kept in a small range by engaging or disengaging the clutch to the approximate half engagement point. Based on the control strategy, a control software was designed and tested on a tracked vehicle with AMT. The test results show that the control of the clutch with the slow driving function was smoother than that with original system and the vehicle speed was slower and steadier.
Parameters analysis and application of the differential excitation detection technology
YU Xia, ZHANG Wei-min, CHEN Guo-long, QIU Zhong-chao, ZENG Wei-qin
2015, 24(3): 348-354. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0310
Abstract:
A differential excitation probe based on eddy current testing technology was designed. Sheet specimens of Q235 steel with prefabricated micro-cracks of different widths and of aluminum with prefabricated micro-cracks of different depths were detected through the designed detection system. The characteristics of micro-cracks can be clearly showed after signals processing through the short-time Fourier transform (STFT). By changing the parameter and its value in detecting process, the factors including the excitation frequency and amplitude, the lift-off effect and the scanning direction were discussed, respectively. The results showed that the differential excitation probe was insensitive to dimension and surface state of the tested specimen, while it had a high degree of recognition for micro-crack detection. Therefore, when the differential excitation detection technology was used for inspecting micro-crack of turbine blade in aero-engine, and smoothed pseudo Wigner-Ville distribution was used for signal processing, micro-cracks of 0.3.mm depth and 0.1.mm width could be identified. The experimental results might be useful for further research on engineering test of turbine blades of aero-engine.
Dynamic torque response analysis of IPMSM in flux weakening region for HEV applications
LIU Xiao-hong, ZHANG You-tong, HUANG Wen-qing
2015, 24(3): 355-360. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0311
Abstract:
An over-modulation based vector control strategy for interior permanent magnet synchronous machine (IPMSM) is proposed and investigated. The strategy increases the reference flux weakening voltage to improve efficiency in flux weakening region of IPMSM with the same dynamic torque response performance in standard SVM technique. The relationship between dynamic torque performance and the reference flux weakening voltage is also discussed. In order to achieve fast and smooth shift process, the torque response must be less than 20.ms in the parallel hybrid electric vehicle (HEV), according to this, modeling and experimental studies were carried out. The results show that the proposed strategy can achieve the same dynamic and steady state torque performance with higher reference flux weakening voltage, which means higher efficiency.
Torsional stiffness modeling and optimization of the rubber torsion bushing for a light tracked vehicle
YAO Shou-wen, ZHENG Xin, CHENG Hai-tao, HUANG You-jian, MO Rong-li
2015, 24(3): 361-368. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0312
Abstract:
Taking the rubber torsion bushing of a certain type of all-terrain tracked vehicle as the research object, a theoretical model of torsional stiffness was proposed according to the non-linear characteristics of rubber components and structural feature of the suspension. Simulations were carried out under different working conditions to obtain root mean square of vertical weighted acceleration as the evaluation index for ride performance of the all-terrain tracked vehicle, with a dynamics model of the whole vehicle based on the theoretical model of the torsional stiffness and standard road roughness as excitation input. Response surface method was used to establish the parametric optimization model of the torsional stiffness. The evaluation index showed that ride performance of the vehicle with optimized torsional stiffness model of suspension was improved compared with previous model from experiment. The torsional stiffness model of rubber bushing provided a theoretical basis for the design of the rubber torsion bushing in light tracked vehicles.
Informatics and Electronic Engineering
Coherence-based performance analysis of the generalized orthogonal matching pursuit algorithm
ZHAO Juan, BI Shi-he, BAI Xia, TANG Heng-ying, WANG Hao
2015, 24(3): 369-374. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0313
Abstract:
The performance guarantees of generalized orthogonal matching pursuit (gOMP) are considered in the framework of mutual coherence. The gOMP algorithm is an extension of the well-known OMP greed algorithm for compressed sensing. It identifies multipleNindices per iteration to reconstruct sparse signals. The gOMP withN≥2 can perfectly reconstruct anyK-sparse signals from measurementy=ΦxifK< 1/N((1/μ)-1)+1, whereμis coherence parameter of measurement matrixΦ. Furthermore, the performance of the gOMP in the case ofy=Φx+ewith bounded noise ‖e2εis analyzed and the sufficient condition ensuring identification of correct indices of sparse signals via the gOMP is derived, i.e.,K<1/N((1/μ)-1)+1-((2ε)/(Nμxmin)), wherexmindenotes the minimum magnitude of the nonzero elements ofx. Similarly, the sufficient condition in the case of Gaussian noise is also given.
Subband adaptive filter with variable reusing order of coefficient vectors
NI Jin-gen
2015, 24(3): 375-380. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0314
Abstract:
To increase the convergence rate of the improved normalized subband adaptive filter, a simple but effective method is presented to change the reusing order of coefficient vectors of the adaptive filter. At the beginning of adaptation the algorithm just uses its current coefficient vector to update the adaptive filter to maintain fast convergence rate, while in steady state it employs several most recent coefficient vectors to update the adaptive filter to reduce misalignment. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can obtain both fast convergence rate and small steady-state misalignment.
Joint receiving mechanism based on blind equalization with variable step size for M-QAM modulation
LU Ji-hua, Abdallah Elhirtsia AHMED, WANG Xiao-hua, Kheddar BOUDJEMAA
2015, 24(3): 381-386. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0315
Abstract:
The problem of inter symbol interference (ISI) in wireless communication systems caused by multipath propagation when using high order modulation like M-QAM is solved. Since the wireless receiver doesn't require a training sequence, a blind equalization channel is implemented in the receiver to increase the throughput of the system. To improve the performances of both the blind equalizer and the system, a joint receiving mechanism including variable step size (VSS) modified constant modulus algorithms (MCMA) and modified decision directed modulus algorithms (MDDMA) is proposed to ameliorate the convergence speed and mean square error (MSE) performance and combat the phase error when using high order QAM modulation. The VSS scheme is based on the selection of step size according to the distance between the output of the equalizer and the desired output in the constellation plane. Analysis and simulations show that the performance of the proposed VSS-MCMA-MDDMA mechanism is better than that of algorithms with a fixed step size. In addition, the MCMA-MDDMA with VSS can perform the phase recovery by itself.
Length estimation of extended targets based on bistatic high resolution range profile
QU Quan-you, GUO Kun-yi, SHENG Xin-qing
2015, 24(3): 387-391. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0316
Abstract:
The approach to estimate the length of extended targets by using the bistatic high resolution range profile (HRRP) is analyzed in this paper. The relationship between the bistatic HRRP and the monostatic HRRP of extended targets are investigated. It is demonstrated by simulations that the target length measured by the bistatic HRRP is more meaningful and accurate than that by the monostatic HRRP, though the monostatic HRRP has been well developed and widely used in target recognizing and classification. The estimation results of a cone shaped target are present and compared at the end of the paper. To assure the reliability of the simulation, the bistatic HRRP is obtained through the scattering field data calculated by a full-wave numerical method, FE-BI-MLFMA.
Facial expression recognition with contextualized histograms
YUE Lei, SHEN Ting-zhi, DU Bu-zhi, ZHANG Chao, ZHAO Shan-yuan
2015, 24(3): 392-397. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0317
Abstract:
A new algorithm taking the spatial context of local features into account by utilizing contextualized histograms was proposed to recognize facial expression. The contextualized histograms were extracted from two widely used descriptors—the local binary pattern (LBP) and weber local descriptor (WLD). The LBP and WLD feature histograms were extracted separately from each facial image, and contextualized histogram was generated as feature vectors to feed the classifier. In addition, the human face was divided into sub-blocks and each sub-block was assigned different weights by their different contributions to the intensity of facial expressions to improve the recognition rate. With the support vector machine (SVM) as classifier, the experimental results on the 2D texture images from the 3D-BUFE dataset indicated that contextualized histograms improved facial expression recognition performance when local features were employed.
Optimization of satellite searching strategy of the non-stationary antenna
CAO Hai-qing, WANG Yu, YAO Zhi-ying
2015, 24(3): 398-404. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0318
Abstract:
The tiny searching step length and the satellite distribution density are the major factors to influence the efficiency of the satellite finder, so a scientific and reasonable method to calculate the tiny searching step length is proposed to optimize the satellite searching strategy. The pattern clustering and BP neural network are applied to optimize the tiny searching step length. The calculated tiny searching step length is approximately equal to the theoretic value for each satellite. In application, the satellite searching results will be dynamically added to the training samples to re-train the network to improve the generalizability and the precision. Experiments validate that the optimization of the tiny searching step length can avoid the error of locating target satellite and improve the searching efficiency.
New model reference adaptive control with input constraints
WU Wen-bin, GENG Qing-bo, FEI Qing, HU Qiong
2015, 24(3): 405-412. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0319
Abstract:
A new scheme of adaptive control is proposed for a class of linear time-invariant (LTI) dynamical systems, especially in aerospace, with matched parametric uncertainties and input constraints. Based on a typical and conventional direct model reference adaptive control scheme, various modifications have been employed to achieve the goal. "Composite model reference adaptive control"of higher performance is seamlessly combined with "positiveμ-mod", which consequently results in a smooth tracking trajectory despite of the input constraints. In addition, bounded-gain forgetting is utilized to facilitate faster convergence of parameter estimates. The stability of the closed-loop system can be guaranteed by using Lyapunov theory. The merits and effectiveness of the proposed method are illustrated by a numerical example of the longitudinal dynamical systems of a fixed-wing airplane.
On a novel non-smooth output feedback controller for the attitude control of a small float satellite antenna
CAO Hai-qing, WANG Yu, YAO Zhi-ying
2015, 24(3): 413-421. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0320
Abstract:
A novel non-smooth controller of the second order double integrator system with a bounded disturbance is proposed, which stability is proved and which disturbance rejection capability is analyzed by MATLAB simulation experiments. The novel non-smooth output feedback controller and tracking differentiator are applied to control the azimuth servo system of the small floating satellite antenna. The MATLAB simulation and hardware in the loop simulation experiments are conducted. The experiment results validate that the non-smooth output feedback controller with stronger surge and sudden disturbance rejection capability can realize the stable azimuth servo control of the small floating antenna to ensure the communication between the target satellite and the antenna with high quality.
Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
Anti-hypertensive effects of rosiglitazone on renovascular hypertensive rats: role of oxidative stress and lipid metabolism
LI Yan, GUO Nan, FU Zhen-ping, DONG Ji-rui, ZHAO Jian-pu, FENG Hui-hong, LIU Pin-duo, XIA Yu
2015, 24(3): 422-426. doi:10.15918/j.jbit1004-0579.201524.0321
Abstract:
This study investigated the anti-hypertensive mechanism of rosiglitazone in renovascular hypertensive rats, and examined its relationship to oxidative stress and lipid metabolism. The renovascular hypertension was induced by stenosis of the left renal artery. Four groups of rats were selected: control, induced untreated, rosiglitazone (20.mg/kg) and captopril (10.mg/kg). After 14.d of administration, compared with induced untreated group, rosiglitazone group reduced the renovascular hypertensive rats' systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure, and decreased total cholesterol (TCH), triglyceride (TG), angiotensin II (Ang II) and angiotensin receptor (AT1) levels(P<0.05). Meanwhile, rosiglitazone remarkably decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) while improved the levels of supperoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduced glutathione (GSH). These results suggested that rosiglitazone could effectively decreased the blood pressure in renovascular hypertensive rats, and this might be performed by regulating the activity of angiotensin and the lipid metabolism and improving the oxidative stress.
Baidu
map