The Economic Growth, Resources and Environment of the Cities in China—An Empirical Analysis based on Productivity
-
摘要:考察节能减排约束下的中国城市经济增长绩效,利用2001—2010年间中国110个重点城市的气体、液体和固体环境的工业数据,逐步添加资源、环境污染产出和投入等变量,运用基于松弛的序列方向性距离函数和Luenberger生产力指数等方法测算城市效率、生产力指数和环境生产率,描述中国城市工业增长现状。结果显示: 城市平均效率值是0.705;生产力变动是0.091,其按照效率变动和技术变动分解后分别为0.009和0.082,表明技术进步是生产力的提高动力,能源和环境管理效率提升并未显露;能源消耗、污染排放、污染治理投资是影响生产力测算重要因素;中国城市减排工作的压力要远大于节能工作的压力。Abstract:This paper examines the performance of economic growth of the cities in China under the circumstances of energy conservation and emission reduction. Based on the industrial data of gaseous, liquid and solid environments of 110 key cities in China from 2001 to 2010 and by adding the variates of the outputs and inputs of resources contamination and environmental pollution step-by-step, urban efficiency, productivity index and environmental productivity are measured using the slacks-based sequential directional distance function and Luenberger Productivity Index. Meanwhile, the current situation of industrial growths of Chinese cities is shown. The results demonstrate that: firstly, the average urban efficiency value is 0.705. Secondly, the productivity variation is 0.091, and after being disassembled on the basis of efficiency change and technical change, the values are 0.009 and 0.082 accordingly, showing that technical progress is the motivation to improve productivity, while resources and environmental management efficiency have no obvious boost on it. Thirdly, energy consumption, pollution emission and the investment of pollution regulation are the major factors affecting productivity measurement. At last, the pressure of emission reduction is far more serious than that of energy conservation in China.
-
[1] Farrell M J. The measurement of productive efficiency[J]. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society, 1957(3): 253-290. [2] 王兵, 吴延瑞, 颜鹏飞. 中国区域环境效率与环境全要素生产率增长[J]. 经济研究, 2010(5): 95-109. [3] 庞瑞芝, 李鹏. 中国新型工业化增长绩效的区域差异及动态演进[J]. 经济研究, 2011(11): 36-47. [4] 杨志明, 鄢哲明. 污染治理视角下中国城市工业环境库兹涅茨曲线假说的再检验[J]. 浙江社会科学, 2013(6): 31-39. [5] Leibenstein B.Allocative efficiency vs. x-efficiency[J]. American Economic Review, 1966, 56(2): 392-425. [6] Fare R S, Grosskopf J Logan. The relative performance of puvlicly-owned and privately-owned electric utilities[J]. Journal of Public Economics, 1985(26): 89-106. [7] Chambers R G, Fare R, Grosskopf S. Produclivity growth in APEC countries[J]. Pacific Economic Review, 1996(1): 181-190. [8] Fare R S.Grosskopf S, Norrls M, Zheng Z. Productivity growth, technical progress, and bfficiency change in lndustrialized countrles[J]. American Economic Review, 1994(84): 66-83. [9] Caves D W, Christensen L, Drewert W E.The economic theory of index numbers and the measurement of input, output and productivity[J]. Econometrica, 1982, 50(6): 1394-1414. [10] Fukuyama H, Weber W L.A directional slacks-based measure of technical inefficiency[J]. Socio-Economic Planning Science, 2009, 43(4): 274-287. [11] Managi S, Kaneko S. Economic growrh and the environment in China: an empirical analysis of productivity[J]. International Journal of Global Enviranmental Issues, 2006, 6(1): 89-133. [12] Watanabe M, Tanaka K.Efficiency analysis of Chinese industry: a directional distance funetion approach[J]. Energy Policy, 2007, 35(12): 6323-6331. [13] 陈诗一. 中国的绿色工业革命: 基于环境全要素生产率视角的解释(1980—2008)[J]. 经济研究, 2010(11): 21-34. -
点击查看大图
计量
- 文章访问数:427
- HTML全文浏览量:2
- PDF下载量:830
- 被引次数:0
下载:
